Flora of Socotra

Dracaena cinnabari, the Socotra dragon tree or dragon blood tree, is a dragon tree native to the Socotra archipelago, part of Yemen, located in the Arabian Sea. It is named after the blood-like color of the red sap that the trees produce. It is also the national tree of Yemen. A related tree of similar appearance, the drago, Dracaena draco, grows in the Canary Islands, more than 7000 km from Socotra.

Punica protopunica, commonly known as the pomegranate tree or Socotran pomegranate, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lythraceae. It is endemic to the island of Socotra (Yemen). Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. The tree, often thorny, attains a height of 2.5 to 4.5 m (8 ft 2 in to 14 ft 9 in). It has reddish-brown bark when young, fading to grey as it ages and becomes less fruitful. Leaves are dark green, glossy, and opposite, growing up to 3 cm (1.2 in) long. The fruit are globose and 2–3 cm in diameter. Flowers and fruits occur from December and

Dorstenia gigas is a species of flowering plant in the Moraceae family. It is a succulent native to the Socotra Islands off the Horn of Africa.

Aloe perryi is a species of plant in the genus Aloe. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen, and may be known by the common name, Socotrine aloe.

Euphorbia arbuscula is a species of plant in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). It is endemic to the archipelago of Socotra in Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. Scottish botanist Isaac Bayley Balfour described this species in 1884 from material collected from the Yemeni island of Socotra, where he recorded it as common. The species name is derived from the Latin adjective arbusculus "small tree". Two subspecies are recognised. Balfour had visited Socotra in 1880 and collected many plants. Within the large genus

Aloe squarrosa is a species of flowering plant in the Asphodelaceae family. It is from the island of Socotra, Yemen.

Euphorbia abdelkuri is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Abd al Kuri, an island south of Yemen. Its natural habitat is rocky areas. The Latex of the plant is toxic. As most other succulent members of the genus Euphorbia, its trade is regulated under Appendix II of CITES.

Kalanchoe robusta is a species of plant in the family Crassulaceae. It is endemic to the Yemeni island of Socotra. Its natural habitat is on rocky slopes and amongst limestone boulders in dwarf shrubland and low succulent shrubland at an altitude of 300–750m. While it is listed by IUCN as belonging to the order Rosales, Kalanchoes and other Crassulaceae are more usually placed in Saxifragales.

Euphorbia socotrana (Soqotri šeber) is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is a tree or shrub endemic to Socotra in Yemen. It has glaucous leaves clustered at the branch tips, and pale brown or almost white bark. Its leaves persist into the dry season, and it drops its leaves in the summer and re-leafs when the rains return. It is common in succulent shrubland and semi-deciduous dry woodland on limestone plateaus, and less common in montane semi-deciduous woodland on granite in the Hajhir Mountains, from 450 to 900 meters elevation. Its population in the western Hajhir is

Aloe forbesii is a small stemless Aloe native to Socotra, Yemen.

Croton socotranus is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to Socotra. A shrub, it is dominant in the meterhel croton shrubland, co-dominant in the shirmihin d'efer mixed deciduous shrubland, and is found in many other shrubland biotopes.

Aloe jawiyon is a species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe first described in 2004. It is endemic to the island of Socotra, Yemen, located in the Indian Ocean (near to the mouth of the Gulf of Aden), approximately 200 miles (321 km) off of the southwestern coast of the Arabian Peninsula and around 430 miles (692 km) east of the coast of Somalia.

Trichocalyx is a genus of plant in family Acanthaceae. It contains two species endemic to the island of Socotra. Trichocalyx obovatus Balf.f. Trichocalyx orbiculatus Balf.f.

Taverniera sericophylla is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. Found only in Socotra, the legume's natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. The species is threatened by habitat loss.

Kalanchoe farinacea is a species of plant in the family Crassulaceae. It is endemic to the Yemeni island of Socotra. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland at an altitude of 100-800m. While it is listed by International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN) as belonging to the order Rosales, Kalanchoes and other Crassulaceae are more usually placed in Saxifragales.

Boswellia socotrana is a species of plant in the Burseraceae family. It is endemic to Socotra, Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

Boswellia ameero is a species of flowering plant in the Burseraceae family. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen, common locally in arid, partly deciduous forests; however, populations are fragmentary, with aged, seldom regenerating trees being dominant. Also, the habitat of B. ameero may be degrading. Flowers of B. ameero vary; in some populations they are bright pink, in others, pale pink. Boswellia ameero is sometimes used for its resin.

Begonia socotrana is a species of plant in the family Begoniaceae. It is endemic to north-central Socotra. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and rocky areas. Due to its winter-blooming tendency, it has been used in begonia hybridization efforts.

Hibiscus stenanthus is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. Its grows in rocky areas of the limestone plateau in the northeastern portion of the island, from 350 to 600 metres elevation. It is a low shrub, and nearly prostrate in windy areas. It is distinguished from other Socotran Hibiscus by its tubular corolla with red stigmas and without a red base, a cylindrical calyx, and anthers limited to the top quarter of the staminal column.

Boswellia nana is a species of plant in the Burseraceae family endemic to the Yemeni island of Socotra. They are small trees or shrubs, sometimes so bent that they are lying nearly horizontal to the ground. The habitat of Boswellia nana is arid, partly deciduous forest land on limestone escarpments, at altitudes from 300 to 550 m. Specimens are also known to grow on flat, paved limestone; B. nana is known from only in two populations, confined to an area of less than 20 km2 in the northeastern part of the island. It is possible that Boswellia nana is a natural hybrid between B. socotrana and

Boswellia elongata is a species of plant in the Burseraceae family. It is endemic to Socotra. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

Ballochia is a genus of flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is endemic to Socotra. It contains the following species: Ballochia amoena Balf.f. Ballochia atrovirgata Balf.f. Ballochia rotundifolia Balf.f.

Teucrium socotranum is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is found only in the Socotra Islands, part of the nation of Yemen. Its natural habitat is rocky areas.

Teucrium balfourii is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native only to the islands of Socotra and Samhah in the Socotra Archipelago, part of the nation of Yemen. Its natural habitat is rocky areas.

Tephrosia odorata is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. It is endemic to Socotra in Yemen. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.

Lycium sokotranum is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family, Solanaceae, that is endemic to the Socotra archipelago in the Indian Ocean (Yemen). It is a spiny, much-branched shrub that is <2 m tall. It is widespread and often abundant on coastal plains and limestone plateaus of Socotra and on the central plains of Abd al Kuri.

Lotus mollis is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is native to the islands of Socotra and Samhah in the Socotra Archipelago of Yemen. Its natural habitat is rocky areas.

Justicia rigida is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is a subshrub endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.

Jatropha unicostata is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Socotra island Yemen. Its name in Soqotri is "sibru". Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.

Indigofera marmorata is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is endemic to north-central Socotra in Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.