Flora of Virginia

Clematis coactilis, common name Virginia white-hair leather flower, is a plant species endemic to the western part of the US State of Virginia. It is reported from only Botetourt, Roanoke, Craig, Montgomery, Giles, Wythe, and Pulaski Counties. It is usually found on soils formed from shale, less often dolomite, limestone or sandstone. Clematis coactilis is a shrub, not a vine like many of the other members of the genus. It is erect, up to 45 cm (18 in) tall with silky, bristly or woolly hairs. Leaves are thick and leathery, simple but sometimes lobed, up to 12 cm (4.7 in) long. Flowers are

Pycnanthemum monotrichum, commonly known as one-hair mountain-mint, is an extinct species of herbaceous perennial plant in the family Lamiaceae endemic to Southeastern Virginia. Pycnanthemum monotrichum inhabited dry, sandy woodlands and clearings in Virginia's coastal plain. It is a poorly known taxon and may represent a hybrid, or a more abundant species that has been overlooked. Pycnanthemum monotrichum bloomed from July through September and grew up to four feet tall.

Clematis viticaulis is a species of perennial flowering plant in the buttercup family, known by the common names Millboro leatherflower and grape clematis.

Iliamna corei is a rare species of flowering plant in the mallow family known by the common name Peters Mountain mallow. It is endemic to Virginia in the United States, where it is known only from Peters Mountain in Giles County. A single occurrence remains. This is a federally listed endangered species. It is considered "one of the rarest native plants in the United States."

Corallorhiza bentleyi is a rare species of orchid known to grow solely in mountainous deciduous forests of Virginia and West Virginia, United States. It was undescribed until 1999. It is a parasitic plant, with yellow to reddish stems and cleistogamous flowers.

Scirpus flaccidifolius, the reclining bulrush, is an uncommon plant species endemic to a small region in Virginia and North Carolina. It is reported from only six populations in three counties in Virginia (Greensville, Sussex and Southampton) and one county in North Carolina (Northampton). All known populations are within 100 km of each other, though the species does not seem to be in danger of extinction. Scirpus flaccidifolius is unusual in the genus in having culms (flowering stalks) that lean against other vegetation instead of being stiff and erect. The species also has wider but less

Phlox buckleyi, common name swordleaf phlox or shale-barren phlox, is a plant species native to Virginia and West Virginia. It grows in open woodlands, primarily on hillsides derived from shale. The first known specimen was first collected in 1838 but not described as a species until 1930. Phlox buckleyi is a perennial herb spreading by means of stolons running on the surface of the ground. Rosettes of long, narrow, evergreen leaves form at the tips of the stolons, from the center of which arises a vertical stem up to 40 cm (16 inches) tall. Inflorescence is a cyme or a paniculate group of

Helenium virginicum is a rare species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name Virginia sneezeweed. It occurs in the United States, where it has a disjunct distribution; it is known only from Virginia and Missouri. It is limited to a specific type of habitat and it is threatened by modification of this habitat. It was federally listed as a threatened species of the United States in 1998. At the time the plant received federal protection it was known from 28 populations in two Virginia counties. Soon after, a population of similar plants was found in Missouri and by

Abies fraseri, commonly known as Fraser's fir, or Fraser fir, is an endangered species of fir native to the Appalachian Mountains of the southeastern United States. It is endemic to the Appalachian Mountains, where it grows in 48 populations on seven montane regions in the range.

Lilium grayi (Gray's lily, orange bell lily, Roan lily) is a perennial plant that is endemic to the eastern US states of North Carolina, Virginia, and Tennessee, growing in moist, acid soil in the Appalachian Mountains on higher elevation meadows, bogs, and seeps. The plant was introduced to Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 1890 and was featured in the Kew Bulletin in 1892.

Nuphar sagittifolia, also known as Arrowleaf Pond-lily, Cape Fear spatterdock, or Narrow-leaved Spatterdock, is a perennial, rhizomatous, aquatic herb in the family Nymphaeaceae with unique narrowly lanceolate leaves known only from North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.

Lilium pyrophilum, the sandhills lily or sandhills bog lily, is a North American species of plant in the lily family. It is endemic to the Sandhills region of southern Virginia, North Carolina and northern South Carolina, in the eastern United States. Lilium pyrophilum produces a rhizomatous bulbous root system which is occasionally branched. The plant grows to 0.6-1.6 m (*) It has long narrow, slightly pointed leaves arranged in a variable number of whorls around the stem. The leaves may be upright or drooping. The yellow or yellow–orange inflorescence is borne on racemes of 1–7 flowers,

Buckleya distichophylla, commonly called piratebush, is a flowering plant in the family Santalaceae, native to the Southern United States. It is a rare plant, found only in sporadic mountainous areas of North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. Buckleya distichophylla is a deciduous shrub growing to heights of up to 15 feet (4.6 m), with leaves that are 2-4 inches (5.1-10.2 cm) in length requiring direct sunlight to grow. Its flowers are 1 inch (2.5 cm) long with 4 yellow-green, long narrow bracts. What makes the piratebush unique is in how it survives. The plant does not survive on

Iliamna remota, commonly known as the Kankakee mallow, is an endangered species of flowering plant in the mallow family. It is endemic to a single location, the 700-metre-long (2,300 ft) Langham Island in Kankakee River State Park, in the US state of Illinois.

Symphyotrichum grandiflorum (formerly Aster grandiflorus), the largeflower aster, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to the southeastern United States where it is restricted to the Atlantic coastal plain of Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, and the Piedmont of North Carolina and South Carolina. It is known from habitats such as sandy areas, roadsides, thickets, and forest edges. It can be distinguished from other Symphyotrichum species by its taller and hairier stems, clasping lower leaves, and large, showy flower heads. It is possibly

Heuchera caroliniana, the Carolina alumroot, is a species of flowering plant in the family Saxifragaceae, native to the US states of Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina. Split off from Heuchera americana, which it closely resembles, it is found the northwestern and west-central Piedmont, where H. americana is largely absent. It grows in rich upland woods on base-saturated substrates, basic dikes, and basic rock outcroppings.

Solidago pinetorum is a North American plant species in the family Asteraceae, called Small's goldenrod or pineywoods goldenrod. It is found in the east-central United States: Virginia, West Virginia, and the Carolinas. Solidago pinetorum is a perennial herb up to 110 cm (44 inches) tall, spreading by means of underground rhizomes. One plant can produce as many as 350 small yellow flower heads in a showy branching array at the top of the plant. The plant grows in open places, often in pine woodlands on hillsides.

Isoetes macrospora, commonly known as big-spore quillwort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Isoetaceae. It can be found in the deep water of low nutrient lakes on the Canadian Shield in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Quebec, and Ontario. In the United States, it has been found in Minnesota and south, through the Appalachian Mountains to Virginia.

Boltonia caroliniana, common name Carolina doll's-daisy, is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in the southeastern United States, primarily in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia with a few isolated populations in western Georgia. Boltonia caroliniana is a perennial herb up to 200 cm (80 inches) tall. It has many daisy-like flower heads with white or lilac ray florets and yellow disc florets. The Carolina doll's-daisy can grow to 4–6 feet tall, with a waxy smooth stem and leaves. Tends to be bushier than B. asteroides. It lacks

Solidago lancifolia, known as lance-leaf goldenrod, is a rare North American plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in the Appalachian Mountains of Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina. Solidago lancifolia is a perennial herb sometimes as much as 160 cm (64 inches or 5 1/3 feet) tall. One plant can produce as many as 400 small yellow flower headss, borne in a large showy array at the top of the plant and also smaller groups on side branches. Each head contains 5-8 ray florets surrounding 5-12 disc florets.

Asarum minus, the little heartleaf or little brown jug, is a species of flowering plant in the Aristolochiaceae family. It is native to the southeast United States.

Robinia viscosa, commonly known in its native territory as clammy locust, is a medium-sized deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States.

Zenobia pulverulenta, the honeycup, is a North American species of shrubs. It is the sole species of the genus Zenobia, in the family Ericaceae. It is native to coastal plain of the Southeastern United States, in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.

Sedum glaucophyllum, the cliff stonecrop, is a species of Sedum native to the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States from West Virginia, Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina. Sedum glaucophyllum is a prostrate, mat-forming evergreen perennial plant forming patches up to 30–40 cm (12–15.5 in) in diameter. The leaves are glaucous green, succulent, rounded, 1–2 cm (0.5–1 in) long and wide, arranged in a dense helix on the stems. The flowers are white, 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in) in diameter, with four slender, pointed petals; they are produced in clusters on erect stems up to 10 cm (4

Zenobia, called honeycup, is a monotypic North American genus of shrubs in the family Ericaceae.

Vaccinium crassifolium, or the creeping blueberry, is a species of Vaccinium in the heath family. It is native to a portion of the Southeastern United States.

Trifolium virginicum, the Kate's Mountain clover, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to West Virginia and Virginia in the United States, growing mainly on the Piedmont mafic barren, with Kate's Mountain as the type locality. Trifolium virginicum is a symbol of the West Virginia Native Plant Society. T. virginicum can also be found in Maryland and Pennsylvania, where it is considered imperiled or critically imperiled, respectively, by NatureServe.

Phacelia fimbriata, commonly known as fringed phacelia, is a United States annual wildflower native to the Great Smoky Mountains. Phacelia frimbriata is known for its white flowers with distinctive fringed petals that bloom during the early spring period, and its preference for rich, moist forests at mid to high elevations. The species is most abundant in states surrounding the Appalachian Mountains because of its distinct mesic environments best suited for Phacelia fimbriata. Phacelia fimbriata was discovered in 1803 by a French botanist named André Michaux.

Gentiana austromontana, the Appalachian gentian, is a 1–2 ft (30–61 cm) tall flowering plant in the Gentianaceae family. It is native to the southern Appalachians of West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina and Tennessee. Very similar to Gentiana clausa, it has paired, lanceolate leaves, usually on unbranched stalks, and blue or purple blooms which remain closed or nearly closed. It flowers from late August to October. It is thought that G. austromotana is the product of hybridization between G. clausa and G. decora as the Appalachian Gentian is found only in area where the former two are

Helianthus laevigatus is a North American species of sunflower known by the common name smooth sunflower. It is native to the east-central and southeastern United States from Georgia to Maryland. Helianthus laevigatus is a perennial herb up to 220 cm (over 7 feet) tall, spreading by means of underground rhizomes. Most of the leaves are on the stem rather than crowded around the base, each leaf up to 15 cm (6 inches) long. Leaves and stems generally have no hairs, and the undersides of the leaves sometimes appear pale because of a layer of wax on the surface. One plant usually produces 1-6