Flora of Djibouti

Aloe somaliensis, the Somali aloe, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asphodelaceae. It is an evergreen succulent perennial native to Somalia, Somaliland, and Djibouti in East Africa, where it grows at altitudes of 700–1,700 metres (2,300–5,600 ft) in bushland on limestone and sandstone rocks. This plant forms a rosette of broad leaves with striking variable zigzag markings, pink or brown spines, and pink or red flowers to 60 cm in late summer. In temperate regions it can be grown outside in a sheltered, sunny spot, but requires the protection of glass in the winter. It has gained

Aloe djiboutiensis is a species of aloe native to Djibouti and Eritrea. It was first described in 2007 in the CSSA Journal by T. A. McCoy.

Avena abyssinica, also known as the Ethiopian oat and "Ajja" by Ethiopians, is a member of the family Poaceae. This grain has long been used in Ethiopia and is well adapted to the high elevations and other conditions there. Still a traditional food plant in Africa, this little-known grain has potential to improve nutrition, boost food security, foster rural development and support sustainable landcare.

Solanum marginatum is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae known by the common names purple African nightshade and white-margined nightshade. It is native to Ethiopia and Eritrea, and it is known on other continents as an introduced species and sometimes a weed. It is a hairy shrub growing up to two meters tall. The large, distinctive, gray-green leaves are wavy along the edges, woolly on the undersides, and measure up to 18 centimeters long. The veins are white and lined with large, widely spaced prickles. The inflorescence contains several white flowers, hanging or nodding bisexual

Halothamnus somalensis is a species of the plant genus Halothamnus, that is now included into the family Amaranthaceae, (formerly Chenopodiaceae). It is endemic to the Horn of Africa (Djibouti, Somalia, and Ethiopia) and is used for traditional medicine.

Livistona carinensis, commonly known as the Bankoualé palm, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is one of the fan palms. Its leaves are distinguished by an armed petiole terminating in a rounded, costapalmate fan of numerous leaflets. Livistona carinensis is found in Djibouti, Somalia, and Yemen, and is threatened by habitat loss.

Lotus hebecarpus is an annual to perennial plant in the genus Lotus ranging from NE Sudan to Djibouti.

Buxus hildebrandtii is a species of shrub or small tree native to the Horn of Africa.

Echidnopsis dammaniana is a succulent species in the genus Echidnopsis. The plants have angled stems and purple flowers. It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia and is unusual in collections.

Cynoglossopsis is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is Northeastern Tropical Africa. Species: Cynoglossopsis latifolia (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Brand Cynoglossopsis somaliensis Riedl

Cyclocheilon is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Orobanchaceae. Its native range is Northeastern Tropical Africa, Southwestern Arabian Peninsula. Species: Cyclocheilon kelleri Engl. Cyclocheilon physocalyx Chiov. Cyclocheilon somaliense Oliv.

Euphorbia abyssinica, commonly known as the desert candle or candelabra spurge, is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. E. abyssinica is endemic to Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan and Eritrea. It was first described in 1791, by the German botanist Johann Friedrich Gmelin. In its native habitat, it can grow up to 10 m (33 ft) tall. The woody stem is used for firewood and as timber in roofing, furniture and other items, and the sap is used in traditional medicine. It is also cultivated as an ornamental house plant.

Iphionopsis is a genus of African flowering plants in the daisy family. Species Iphionopsis ilicifolia (Humbert) Anderb. - Madagascar Iphionopsis oblanceolata N.Kilian - Somalia Iphionopsis rotundifolia (Oliv. & Hiern) Anderb. - Somalia

Allium spathaceum, the Ethiopian onion, is a plant species native to Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia and Sudan. Of the 900 known species of onion in the world, this is one of only a few that are endemic to the area. Allium spathaceum is a bulb-forming perennial up to 40 cm tall, with a scent similar to that of onion or leeks. It has very narrow, linear leaves with hairs along the edges. The umbel contains only a few flowers, with long pedicels. Tepals are white with reddish midveins.

Phoenix caespitosa is a species of plant in the palm family native to the Arabian Peninsula and the Horn of Africa.

Rhigozum somalense is a perennial shrub that is part of the Bignoniaceae family. The plant is native to Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Yemen and Somalia.

Evelynastra is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It includes a single species, Evelynastra pallida, a subshrub or shrub native to northeastern and eastern tropical Africa, ranging from Ethiopia through Djibouti, Somalia, and Kenya to northern Tanzania. It grows in deserts and dry shrublands. The species was first described as Sericocoma pallida by Spencer Le Marchant Moore in 1877. In 2024 Vanessa Di Vincenzo et al. placed the species in the new monotypic genus Evelynastra. The genus is named for Di Vicenzo's daughter Evelyn, with the ending -astra referring to the

Evelynastra is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It includes a single species, Evelynastra pallida, a subshrub or shrub native to northeastern and eastern tropical Africa, ranging from Ethiopia through Djibouti, Somalia, and Kenya to northern Tanzania. It grows in deserts and dry shrublands. The species was first described as Sericocoma pallida by Spencer Le Marchant Moore in 1877. In 2024 Vanessa Di Vincenzo et al. placed the species in the new monotypic genus Evelynastra. The genus is named for Di Vicenzo's daughter Evelyn, with the ending -astra referring to the

Dracaena ombet, commonly known as Gabal Elba dragon tree, is a species of plant belonging to the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Convallarioideae, formerly included in the family Ruscaceae. It is found in northeastern Africa and the western Arabian Peninsula.

Kissenia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Loasaceae. Its native range is from northeastern tropical Africa to the southwestern Arabian Peninsula, and Namibia to South Africa. Species: Kissenia arabica R.Br. ex Chiov. Kissenia capensis Endl.

Euryops arabicus is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae that grows in the form of a bush. It is found on the Arabian Peninsula, Socotra, Somalia and Djibouti. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

Petroana is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae Juss., established by Madhani & Zarre in 2018 based on molecular and morphological evidence that distinguished its species from those in the closely related genera Gypsophila L. and Dianthus L.. This genus includes perennial herbs characterized by their adaptation to rocky habitats, with two species currently recognized: the type species Petroana montserratii (Fern.Casas) Madhani & Zarre and Petroana montana (Balf.f.) Madhani & Zarre.

Euphorbia longituberculosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, endemic to the Arabian Peninsula and North-east Africa. It inhabits rocky terrain, sheltered among stones or under small shrubs; from sea level to 1,800 m (5,900 ft).

Mimusops laurifolia is a large evergreen tree, native to the Ethiopian Highlands and the highlands of the southeastern Arabian Peninsula.

Balanites rotundifolia, known in Swahili as Mbamba ngoma is a spiny bush or small tree from eastern Africa and southern Arabia. It is a member of the caltrop family, Zygophyllaceae.

Conomitra is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae first described in 1839. It contains only one known species, Conomitra linearis, an annual native to Africa, from Niger to Somalia.

Loranthella deflersii is a species of flowering plant in family Loranthaceae. It is a hemiparasitic epiphyte native to deserts and dry shrublands of the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia) and the Horn of Africa (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia). It is the sole species in genus Loranthella.

Commiphora myrrha, called myrrh, Somali myrrh, herabol myrrh, common myrrh, is a tree in the family Burseraceae. It is one of the primary trees used in the production of myrrh, a resin made from dried tree sap. The Commiphora myrrha tree is indigenous to Somalia, in the Somali regions of Ethiopia and Kenya, Djibouti, Eritrea and parts of the Arabian Peninsula (Yemen and Oman). Myrrh is a fragrant gum resin that is similar to frankincense. The tree species that produces myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) thrives well in the arid and semi-arid regions. Somalia is the largest producer of both myrrh and

Vachellia horrida is a low spreading shrub or sometimes tree native to both the wet and dry scrublands of tropical to subtropical East Africa. Common names for it are Cape gum, Karroo Thorn and dev-babul. It is also found elsewhere in Africa, Asia, India and South America. It frequently has stipular spines 9.5 cm long. V. horrida is an important browse plant in the tropics, particularly during the dry season.

Monolluma is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1995. All the species had previously been included in the genus Caralluma, some also in Boucerosia, Cylindrilluma, Desmidorchis, Echidnopsis, Sanguilluma and Sulcolluma. Some members of the genus can be found in Oman, Saudi Arabia and Yemen in Arabia with Monolluma socotrana found on Socotra in the Indian Ocean, and in Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia in Africa.